National League for Nursing (NLN PAX) Practice Exam

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What type of study group serves as a basis for comparison to evaluate the effect of a treatment?

Experimental group
Control group
Randomized group
Sample group

The correct answer is: Control group

The control group serves as a foundational element in experimental research, allowing for a valid comparison when evaluating the effects of a treatment. This group does not receive the experimental treatment or intervention being tested, which means it functions as a baseline to determine the effectiveness of that treatment when applied to the experimental group. By comparing outcomes between the control group and the experimental group, researchers can discern whether any observed changes in the experimental group are truly due to the intervention or if they occurred by chance or other factors. This group is crucial for minimizing biases and validating the study's results, providing a clearer understanding of how the treatment impacts the subjects involved.